Britain

Britain

Introduction:

Britain, one of the major European countries now known as the United Kingdom, has been before with numerous colonies of the empire, they boarded it.

It includes the main island to the British three sections (England) and (Scotland) and (Wales), and each of these sections accent and traditions own.

The British Isles is divided politically into two parts:

1. United Kingdom: consisting of the main island sections and a small group of islands scattered around, and the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, known as Ulster.

2. The Republic of Ireland: an independent state occupies the bulk of the island of Ireland.

Location: Britain is located in the north-west of Europe.

Border: bounded on the North Sea to the east and the Sea Manche (the English Channel) from the south and flanked by the Atlantic Ocean to the north, west and approaching Britain from the European shore of the Strait of Dover and width of 30 km.

Area and population:

Of Britain, an area of ​​about 244 thousand km 2 and an estimated population of about 57 million people, and demonstrates that as overcrowded populated country, but the population density differs from one place to another, they Yazdhmon in industrial areas and just as likely in agriculture and grazing areas.

Surface appearances: Map of No. 25

The surface of the British Isles made up on the whole of the few mountains rise and coastal and interior plains, the mountains are:

1. the mountains of northern Scotland.

2. mountains of southern Scotland and between these mountains easy being the Forth River, which flows into the North Sea and the River Clyde, which flows into the Atlantic Ocean.

3. mountains of central England, called Benin Mountains.

4. Wales mountains called Kimberaan Mountains.

The most important plains internal easy to England, located in the southeastern part of England being the Thames River, which lies at the mouth of London, capital of Britain.

The surface of the island of Ireland consists of mountains stretching in the alignment of the northwest coast and the south coast, and low plains occupy the middle abound in lakes, swamps and being the Shannon River, the longest river in the British Isles.

Abound in the coast of the British Isles Altaraj that helped the existence of good ports.

the climate :

Moderate in its entirety and plains warmer than the highlands, and the rain fall throughout the year to reverse its exposure to the wind, and its climate is influenced by the passage of the warm Gulf Stream (1).

Human activity:

I. agricultural and livestock production: followed by human activity, the nature of the environment and its resources, Highland, which is not suitable for cultivation covered pastures in the fertile plains of the agriculture, the most important agricultural yields of wheat, which is not enough for domestic consumption and include wheat, oat, barley, potatoes, beets and grow fruits in southern England, and imports Britain materials food from abroad because what is produced is not enough.

Ireland is famous for the cultivation of flax, and actuation coastal population to fishing.

Second Mineral Resources and Industrial: Most of the population of the United Kingdom actuation industry, mining because they are the first economic resource, and the industry has made to Britain's progress and superiority in the world, and the most abstracted and are frequently found coal, metals, tin, copper and imports Britain's what you need from minerals.

The most important British industries: cotton spinning and weaving, as well as wool spinning and weaving industry and shipbuilding, automobiles, trains and rail industry and the negative rail of different types and the chemical industry, pharmaceuticals, leather goods machinery.

the most important cities :

London: the capital, one of the largest cities in the world population of over 8 million people and is located near the mouth of the Thames River.

Liverpool: a major port on the west coast port and trade center and the west of England.

Dublin: the capital of the Republic of Ireland.

Belfast: capital of the province of Ulster (Northern Ireland).